Art Deco

References:   MACo 1930-053

The obverse bears running locomotive with figure of Mercury flying overhead and carrying tray with fruit and bottle; sun rays with date "1930" in background; bolts of lightning emerging from train wheels; all within beaded border; surrounding legend SOUTHERN RAILWAY SYSTEM CENTENNIAL / South Carolina 1830 Virginia 1831 Alabama 1832.

The reverse bears cornucopia at center with legend COTTON CORN TOBACCO; all within beaded border; surrounding legend A CENTURY OF SERVICE CARRYING TO MARKET THE FRUITS OF THE EARTH.

This is one of the iconic American medals and is a part of many museum collections, including the Metropolitan Museum in New York.

The medal is struck in bronze and measures 89mm (3 1/2in) in diameter.

References:   MACo 1930-017

The medal's obverse bears youthful male figure with outstretched arms, standing on two outcroppings labeled 1833 and 1933 respectively. To his left, branch with leaves above RESEARCH; to his right, rectilinear design above INDUSTRY; signed at right, ERZ

The reverse bears an aerial view of the fair grounds. Around, - 1933 - A - CENTURY - OF - PROGRESS - INTERNATIONAL - EXPOSITION - CHICAGO; signed at left, ZETTLER

As the artist wrote in the pamphlet accompanying the medal:

"The youthful figure of strength, energy and action represents the intellectual arch between natures's resources and man's work. From research and invention have come the great achievements of the century, 1833-1933. The extended arms of the figure praise the work of Science and Industry and their great benefits to humanity."

This is a beautiful example of both art deco and machine age symbolism. As the U.S. was struggling to leave the Great Depression, belief in science and technology was at an all-time high and the Century of Progress Exposition was a way to celebrate this "scientific optimism."  Those were the endeavors that would make life better for everyone.  Unfortunately, the horror of World War II that was only six years in the future would illustrate the other uses of research and industry.

The medal was struck in different sizes. The large size is the official souvenir medal whereas the smaller sized "so-called dollar" HK-463 is the official medal. No mintages are reported.

References:   Marqusee 415

References:   MACo 1933-024, Marqusee 53

The medal's obverse bears winged Italia head, facing left, with stylized waves below. Around, · CROCIERA AEREA (star) DEL DECENNALE · / ROMA-CHICAGO NEW-YORK-ROMA; signed under truncation, R MORBIDVCCI

The reverse bears eight groups of three planes  flying around upper circumference from Colloseum and buildings at lower right via polar bear at top to skyscrapers at lower left; stylized waves between two cities. In center field, REDIT ITALIA / PER AETHERA / MVSSOLINI DVCE / BALBO / DVCTORE; at bottom,  · MCMXXXIII · XI ·

The event commemorated by this medal is a stunning formation flight of 24 planes from Rome to Chicago where they participated in the celebrations of the Chicago World's Fair of 1933 . The fleet, also called the Italian Air Armada, took of from Rome on July 1, 1933 and arrived in Chicago 49 hours later, having stopped for refueling in Amsterdam, Derry, Reykjavik, Cartwright, Shediac, and Montreal.

The fleet was led by Italo Balbo (1896-1940), a dedicated Italian Fascist and early member of Mussolini's inner circle. Though he had only minimal experience in aviation, Balbo was appointed Secretary of State for Air. Rather than treating this position as a sinecure, Balbo took a crash course in flying and began building up the Italian Air Force.  He personally led a transatlantic flight of twelve Savoia-Marchettis in 1930 before leading the Italian Air Armada  to Chicago in 1933.

While intended as a demonstration of Italian might under its Fascist leader Mussolini, America loved heros of any stripe and celebrated him and his compatriots.  President Roosevelt invited him to lunch and awarded him the Distinguished Flying Cross. The pilots were given a parade in New York and Balbo was warmly welcomed by the Italian Americans. 

Balbo was killed by friendly fire when his plane was shot down by the Italian cruiser San Giorgio while he was trying to return to Lybia where he served as Governor-General.

This medal is a master piece of Italian art deco. It is clearly influenced by the Fascist aesthetic but not to the extreme of including the helmeted Mussolini or the nude warriors. The choice of the winged Italia, even a firece winged Italia, puts the medal back into a more civil(ian) setting.

The circular medal measures 60.6mm in diameter and was struck in bronze and .800 silver by Arte Medaglia, Rome. No mintage is reported for either material.

The obverse bears art deco city scape with factories and skyscrapers surrounding a giant generator building; clouds and sun rays above; house and train engines below. In exergue, * ORDER OF * / MERIT

The reverse bears large silver letter W over palm frond. Around, WESTINGHOUSE AWARD; in lower half, TO / (blank) / WHOM HIS FELLOW / MEN DELIGHT TO / HONOR

The Westinghouse Order of Merit was awarded by Westinghouse Electric Corporation as its highest form of employee recognition. Both management and technical employees were eligible to receive the award.

The cicular medallion has a diameter of 101mm. It was struck in bronze by the Medallic Art Company of New York. The mintage is not reported.

References:   MACo 1935-035, Marqusee 110

The obverse bears the old NBC logo crisscrossed in the center; double lightning bolts extending from all corners of the cross. On left and right of lightning bolts above, 19 / 26; on left and right of lighning bolts below, 19 / 36.

The reverse bears text only. Around, NATIONAL BROADCASTING COMPANY * A RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA SERVICE * ; in center field, TENTH ANNIVERSARY / TO THOSE WHO HAVE SHARED WITH US / IN THE ADVANCEMENT OF BROADCASTING.

The medal commemorates the tenth anniversary of the National Broadcasting Company which was founded in 1926. It was distributed to its employees in 1936.

From Chris Bach, whom I owe big thanks for information about art medals, I learned the following:

This scarce Art Deco medal has long been "unsigned" in various auctions with no artist or sculptor identified or credited with the design. However, the Cleveland Museum of Art credits the medal as being a collaboration of three people: "modeled by Julio Kilenyi (American, b. 1885); obverse designed by Richard A Loederer (American, b. 1894) and the reverse designed by E.P.H. James (American)" - a gift to the museum's collection by the National Broadcasting Company in 1937 (No. 1937.9.A/B). A specimen at the New York Historical Society in NYC also credits Julio Kilenyi; and the Library of Congress collection identifies a similar item designed by Loederer in their NBC History Files: 1922-1986, Folder 173, Logos, "Photo of tenth anniversary (1936) plaque designed by Richard Loederer of Vienna."

I have only ever seen a bronze variant once.  It is usually the silver-plated variant that comes up for sale.

This medal measures 76mm in diameter and was struck in bronze and silver plated bronze by the Robbins Company of Attleboro, Massachusetts.

References:   MACo 1936-027, Marqusee 411